9/15/2023 0 Comments Ns2 np3 valence shellInert pair effect:The inert pair effect represents the reluctance of the valence electrons to take part in the chemical combination due to their penetration in the nucleus of heavy elements.ī and Al do not exhibit inert pair effect due to the absence of d – or f-electrons. It is most common in carbon and quite significant in Si and S. This property of carbon element due to which its atoms can join with one another to form a long chain is called catenation. graphite and fullerenes.Ĭatenation: carbon atoms can link with one another by means of covalent bonds to form a long chain or rings of carbon atoms. For example, carbon exist in three allotropic forms such as diamond. the various forms of an element are called allotropes. This happens because of the poor shielding of ns2 electrons by the d- and f- electrons.Īllotropy: allotropy is the existence of an element in more than one form, having the same chemical properties but different physical properties. Due to the inert pair effect, the stability of +5 oxidation state decreases down the group, while that of +3 oxidation state increases. Group 15 elements also show positive oxidation states of +3 & +5 by forming covalent bonds. ![]() ![]() In case of group 15 elements, the electronic configuration is ns2 np3. this effect is known as inert pair effect. Inert pair effect: As one moves down the group, the tendency of s-block electrons to participate in chemical bonding decreases.
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